(2016) found soil pH as the best predictor for bacterial community structure, diversity and function. In a large sampling study including 150 forest and 150 grassland soils Kaiser et al. Particularly, differences in beta diversity among soils are significantly correlated with soil pH ( Lauber et al., 2009).
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Diversity and/or abundance of microbial taxa changed between seasons in alpine ecosystems, ( Lipson & Schmidt, 2004), temperate grassland ecosystem ( Habekost et al., 2008), soils of a temperate beech forest ( Rasche et al., 2011) and soils under Mediterranean climate ( Waldrop & Firestone, 2006).Īmong the deterministic processes governing the composition of microbial communities, environmental factors such as soil pH, temperature and moisture are considered to be main drivers of microbial community assembly ( Castro et al., 2010 Fierer & Jackson, 2006 Kaiser et al., 2016 Lauber et al., 2013). Although soil microbial communities appeared to be well adapted to some environmental variability (e.g., increase of 4 ☌ in soil temperatures) ( Schindlbacher et al., 2011), short-term seasonal changes are strongly correlated with shifts in microbial community composition ( Wallenstein & Hall, 2012). The selection imposed by abiotic environmental factors is an important event contributing to microbial community assembly ( Stegen et al., 2012).
Finally, our data allow us to conclude that the most abundant microbial groups and functions were shared between seasons and locations reflecting the existence of a stable taxonomical and functional core microbiota. Apparently soil microbial taxa are more susceptible to natural climatic disturbances while functions are more stable and change with less intensity along the year. Our data suggest that grasslands maintained a stable microbial community membership along the year with oscillation in abundance. In this work, we used state of the art molecular methodologies (Next Generation Sequencing) to compare the taxonomic (metataxonomics) and functional (metatranscriptomics) profiles among soil samples from two subtropical natural grasslands located in the Pampa biome, Brazil, in response to short-term seasonal variations. Thus, the development of new strategies for biodiversity conservation and sustainable management require a complete understanding of the soil abiotic process involved in the selection of microbial taxa and functions.
Although microbial functional redundancy seems to overcome taxonomical composition changes, the sensitivity and resilience of soil microbial communities from subtropical regions in response to seasonal variations are still poorly understood. Soil microbial communities’ assembly is strongly tied to changes in temperature and moisture.